Mumbai attacks

• 26 November – 29 November 2008: terrorists carried out more than ten coordinated shooting and bombing attacks across Mumbai, India’s largest city and financial capital
• Within a short period of time, there were 17 explosions, attacks with rapid-fire weapons and hostage-takings on ten different places in the city –> “Mumbai attacks”
• Responsible for the attacks: about 11 offenders divided into several groups
• The attackers turned out to be members of the Pakistan-based militant organisation “Lashkar-e-Taiba”, considered a terrorist organisation by many countries
• According to the Indian administration: the attacks killed at least 173 people and wounded about 308
• All over the world, the “Mumbai attacks” caused condemnation

Discovering facts about the Industrial Revolution in London…

Science Museum (London)

The Science Museum is located on Exhibition Road in South Kensington and is part of the National Museum of Science and Industry. The museum is a major London tourist attraction.

The Science Museum consists of a number of galleries, some of which are permanent, and some of which are temporary.

Power: The East Hall

The East Hall is the first area that most visitors see as they enter the building, stretching up through three floors.

On the ground, the area is mostly filled with iconic steam engines of various sorts, which together tell the story of the British industrial revolution.

Up in the air, suspended from the ceiling is giant metallic ring, the inside of which is covered in white LEDs which form patterns and display messages typed into kiosks by visitors in the Energy gallery. Also in the East Hall is a Waterstone’s bookshop, selling only books related to popular science and mathematics in accordance with the museum, and the Revolution café.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_Museum_(London)

“Children of men” – Our podcast

– the movie takes place in the year 2027

-since 18 years, no woman has been pregnantà women are no longer able to give birth to a baby

– therefore all over the world chaos predominates and great Britain is the only organised society

– this is the reason why many refugees want to immigrate into the country but the government tries to prevent this à the illegal immigrants are arrested and brought into camps and also killed by the government

– there is a underground group called “the fishes” wanting to improve the situation of the immigrants (the government calls them terrorists)

 

In our podcast, Julianne, the leader of “the fishes”, calls the “Human Project”, a ship concealed as cutter where scientists want to find out how infertility can be cured, because she has surprising news…

 

Scientist:  Hello?

Julianne:  Hello, it’s me Julianne. I’m the leader of the activist-group “Fishes”. We’ve already talked….

Scientist:   So how is the situation in London?

Julianne:  The situation is getting worse. Great Britain is now under military control, but everything still is in chaos.  Millions of refugees are killed in the most brutal way in the refugees camps. All the people of our organization are chased and treated like terrorists…

Scientist:  I’ve heard about it … and how do the people cope with the death of our baby Diego?

Julianne:  The people are hopeless and sad, now that the youngest boy on earth dies at the age of 18. 18 years of infertility.

Scientist: I’ve to admit that it is still a misery for us. Although we have the latest technology on our bout, we can’t find the reason why women can’t get pregnant anymore.

Julianne:  That’s why I wanted to talk to you urgently. There is still some more hope left, but I need your help. I’m in contact with a refugee called Key…. We are hiding her, it’s important to get her on your boat, because it’s the only place, where she will be save.

Scientist:  I understand, you want to protect her, but “Human Project” is not mend to put up anybody , who’s in danger.

Julianne:  She is not just anybody, she’s our only hope: SHE IS PREGNANT!!!

Scientist:  I’ve always hoped, that this day will come,  when can you bring her.

Julianne:  I will call as soon as everything is arranged. If everything works out, we will meet at the secret point in 4 days.

Scientist:  Be sure we will be there, and good luck to you!

 

 

Group: Marina, Lela, Paula, Anke, Maren, Franzi, Bianca

Fact file based on the Spiegel articles “Afrikas Held“(pp.96-98) and “Ein Monster als Clown” (pp.99-102)

“Afrikas Held“:

 

Ø  1918: Nelson Mandela’s birth in Mvezo (name at birth: Rolihlahla Mandela)

Ø  1942: Mandela joins the “African National Congress”

Ø  1956: charge of treason due to the ANC’s resistance to the apartheid policies (absolvitor 1961)

Ø  1958: marriage of Nelson Mandela and Winnie Madikizela

Ø  1960: interdiction of the ANC

Ø  August 5, 1962: Mandela is arrested on a charge of sabotage

Ø  1964: conviction to life imprisonment

Ø  1962- February 11, 1990: prison term because of the planning of an armed struggle

Ø  1990: the ANC’s prohibition is raised

Ø  1993: Mandela receives the Nobel Peace Prize

Ø  April 1994: free elections in South Africa

Ø  1994-1999: Mandela’s term in office as the first black South African president

Ø  1999: Thabo Mbeki becomes Mandela’s successor as president

Ø  Even after his retirement he collects money for the AIDS aid, conciliates in African civil wars a.s.o.

 

 

“Ein Monster als Clown!”:

 

Ø  In mid-19th-century, the cruel absolutist King Mutesa I. spread fear and terror in Uganda  

Ø  1924: Idi Amin’s birth in north Uganda (name at birth: Idi Awo-Ongo Angoo)

Ø  1941: Accession to the “King’s African Rifles” (a British colonial protection force)

Ø  Develops a vast hatred for the British (probably due to the Rifles’ racist cast system)

Ø  1966: Amin becomes command in chief of Uganda’s fighting forces

Ø  1971: assumes the power in Uganda due to a putsch against Milton Obote

Ø  Putsch victims: 8 military officer and 3 civilians

Ø  1971-1979: the death toll during his dictatorship amounts several hundred of thousands

Ø  1972: 40000 Asians, with British passports, are banished

Ø  “Operation Mafuta Mingi” àdisastrous economical effects on Uganda

Ø  Consensus in those times: Idi Amin = Africa’s hero (!) (especially the media loved him)

Ø  His most prominent victim: the 75-years-old Dora Bloch

Ø  His last victims: two “Stern”-employees

Ø  Nickname: “Big Daddy”

Ø  Religion: pious Muslim

Ø  1979: After the defeat in the war against Tanzania, Amin escapes into exile in Saudi-Arabia

Ø  August 16, 2003: Idi Amin’s death in the Saudi-Arabian city Dschidda (cause of death:

liver-/kidney failure)

 

 

 

Albert Schweitzer- a good missionary?

Albert Schweitzer, the evangelic theologian, philosopher and doctor was a great role model in the 1950s. He was one of the most popular development aid volunteers of the world and received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953. But was he the sympathetic missionary he pretended to be? This question was asked by many of us while reading in a Spiegel article that he called the African “little brothers” who have to be obligated to adapt to the right culture.

The “Liemba” alias “Graf Götzen”

General information:

-In 1913: steamboat Liemba was constructed in Papenburg by the Meyer-Werft

– ordered by emperor Wilhelm II.

– till May 1927 it had the name “Graf Götzen” (after Gustav Adolf Graf von Götzen)

– for the Tanganjikasea in the colony German-East Africa

– construction time: 10 months

– 160.000 rivets were needed to hold the ship together

– for transportation it was packed in 5.000 wooden boxes

 

The trip from Papenburg to the Tanganjikasea

Firstly, the boxes were brought to Hamburg by train, then with a steamship to Daressalam, the capital of the colony. From Daressalam, the boxes were transported by the new opened railway to the Tanganjikasea in Kigoma

There, about 270 people (250 natives, 20 Indians) assembled the ship under the direction of three ship constructors of the Meyer Werft.

 

The structure of my Facharbeit

Topic: The Anglican Archbishop Desmond Mpilo Tutu

1. Introduction / Preface

 2. The Life of Desmond Tutu

2.1 Childhood and Youth

2.2 Entering the Priesthood

2.3 Second stay in Britain

2.4 Rising international profile

2.5 Nobel Peace Prize 1984

 2. Apartheid in South Africa (short)

2.2 History of Apartheid

2.3 The term

2.3.1 ‘Petty Apartheid’

2.3.2 ‘Grand Apartheid’

 3. Tutu in the struggle against Apartheid

3.1 His attitude towards Apartheid

3.2 His efforts in the fight against Apartheid

3.2.1 As General Secretary of the South African Council of Churches 1978

3.3 The end of Apartheid in 1990

3.4 Truth and Reconciliation Commission 1995

 4. Political work and views

4.1 Engagement for homosexuals

4.2 Tutu against Apartheid in Israel

4.2.1 Tutu’s mission in Gaza

 5. Conclusion

 6. Reflexion

State of my Facharbeit so far

Well, one hard nut is cracked: I decided definitely on the topic of my Facharbeit: The Anglican Archbishop Desmond Mpilo Tutu.

So, in the easter holidays I went to the Landschaftsbibliothek in order to search for adequate material, but it turned out that the books I found in the computer had to be ordered by inter-library loan. For that reason the madam in the library told me that I would have to wait several weeks to receive the books; some of them have not been arrived yet. 

Nevertheless, I started scanning the books being already there, marked important and usuful pages with notepads and wrote down some relevant notes.

But there is still the problem that I have no idea which subhead would be appropriate;  I am still wondering about if it is easier to reflect on a formulation of a question or on a clause of statement or if it’s necessary at all.

Anyway, I defered this question and determined that it is more useful so start with the structure before poring on that concern.                                                                                    So I did by means of the books and in a moment I will show it to Mr. Doanth including some proposals for the subhead.*       

*added:

We agreed that a subhead is not necessary for such a multifaceted character like Desmond Tutu. 🙂

Kenya and the flipside of Valentine’s Day

What does Valentine’s have to do with Kenya?

A lot, although if you can’t imagine it very well. Every Year, Valentine’s Day causes a real boom of the flower industry.  The German, for instance, spend about 3 billion euro on cut flowers per year, thereof 1 billion for roses. 

Kenya, with its big rose- and pink farms around the Naivasha Lake, supplies a quarter of the imported cut flowers on the European market.

At first glance, this doesn’t seem to be a problem but in respect to the aspect water, the whole thing has a flipside: Flowers consist two-thirds of the most important and valuable element water. To result from this, the amount of water an average flower exporter delivers to Europe per year could satisfy the needs of water of a city with 20000 (!) inhabitants! 

When draught dominates, the farms suck a determined quantity of water out of the lake. However, the sewage, polluted by phosphates and azotes, sets back and destroys the natural balance of the lake: Water hyacinths cover almost the whole water surface like carpets, whereupon the oxygen can’t reach the surface. In this way, the lake is killed slowly. 

Many different, partially forbidden, chemical substances which are used for fertilization or protection of the plants will burden the environment for years. Absolutely necessary in the flower industry: ecological and social sustainability !

(based on an article of the Süddeutsche Zeitung n. 38, 14-02-08)

Publicity…

Köhler in Africa

Merkel in Africa

Bush in Africa:

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